List of native trees

The moon tree, an American sycamore at the Birmingham Botanical Gardens.

This is a list of native trees which have been growing in the forests of the Birmingham District before non-native species were introduced by white settlers in the early 1800s, or which have naturalized from early cultivars:

• Allegheny chinkapin (Castanea pumila), also known as Chinkapin, Allegheny or American chinquapin or Dwarf chestnut
• American beech (Fagus grandifolia), also known as Beech
• American chestnut (Castanea dentata), also known as Chestnut
• American elm (Ulmus americana), also known as White elm, Gray elm or Water elm
• American holly (Ilex opaca), also known as Holly or White holly
• American hornbeam (Carpinus caroliniana), also known as Hornbeam, Blue beech, Water beech, Ironwood, or Musclewood
• American smoke-tree (Cotinus obovatus ), also known as Chittamwood, Yellow-wood, Smoketree or Smoke bush
• American sycamore (Platanus occidentalis), also known as Sycamore, Planetree, American plane, Occidental plane, Buttonball, or Buttonwood
• Baldcypress (Taxodium distichum), also known as Bald cypress, Common baldcypress, Gulf cypress, Red cypress, Southern cypress or Swamp cypress
• Bigleaf magnolia (Magnolia macrophylla), also known as Large-leaf magnolia, Great-leaved cucumber tree, Great-leaved magnolia, Large-leaved umbrella tree, Cucumber-tree, or Cowcumber tree
• Bitternut hickory (Carya cordiformis), also known as Bitternut, Swamp hickory or Pig hickory, Pignut, Bitter pecan, Bitter pignut, White hickory or Red-heart hickory
• Black cherry (Prunus serotina), also known as Wild black cherry, Rum cherry, or Mountain black cherry
• Blackgum (Nyssa sylvatica), also known as Tupelo, Black tupelo, Water tupelo, Swamp blackgum, Pepperidge, Sourgum, and Beetlebung
• Blackjack oak (Quercus marilandica), also known as Blackjack, Barren oak, Black oak, Jack oak
• Black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia), also known as Yellow locust, Locust, or Acacia
• Black oak (Quercus velutina), also known as Eastern black oak, Smooth-bark oak, Yellow oak, or Quercitron oak
• Black walnut (Juglans nigra), also known as Eastern black walnut, American walnut, or Gunwood
• Black willow (Salix nigra), also known as Swamp willow, Crack willow
• Blue ash (Fraxinus quadrangulata), also known as Mountain ash or White ash
• Bluejack oak (Quercus cinerea or Quercus incana), also known as Cinnamon oak, Sand jack, Shin oak, Turkey oak, or Upland willow oak
• Boxelder (Acer negundo), also known as Ash-leaved maple, Boxelder maple, Negundo maple, Three-leaved maple or Maple ash
• Butternut (Juglans cinerea), also known as White walnut, Oilnut, Walnut, or American white walnut
• Carolina ash (Fraxinus caroliniana), also known as Pop ash, Florida ash, Swamp ash or Water ash
• Carolina silverbell (Halesia Carolina), also known as Opossum-wood, Silverbell, or Snowdrop tree
• Two-winged silverbell (Halesia diptera), also known as Two-winged snowdrop tree
• Chestnut oak (Quercus prinus), also known as Rock oak, Rock chestnut oak, or White oak
• Chinkapin oak (Quercus muehlenbergii), also known as Chestnut oak, Rock chestnut oak, Rock oak, Yellow chestnut oak, or Yellow oak
• Common hackberry (Celtis occidentalis), also known as Hackberry or Common hackberry
• Cucumbertree (Magnolia acuminata), also known as Cucumbertree magnolia, Cucumber magnolia, Mountain magnolia, or Blue magnolia
• Downy Serviceberry (Amelanchier arborea), also known as Shadbush, Juneberry, or Shadblow
• Durand oak (Quercus durandii), also known as Bluff oak, Durand white oak, White oak or Basket oak
• Dwarf hackberry (Celtis tenuifolia, also known as Georgia hackberry
• Eastern cottonwood (Populus deltoides), also known as Eastern poplar, Cottonwood, Carolina poplar, or Whitewood
• Eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis), also known as Canadian or Canada hemlock, Hemlock, or Hemlock spruce
• Eastern hophornbeam (Ostrya virginiana), also known as American hophornbeam, Hornbeam, or Ironwood
• Eastern redbud (Cercis canadensis), also known as Judas-tree
• Eastern red cedar (Juniperus virginiana), also known as Red juniper, Red cedar, Cedar, Pencil cedar, or Juniper bush
• Flowering dogwood (Cornus florida), also known as Dogwood
• Fraser magnolia (Magnolia fraseri), also known as Mountain magnolia, Ear-leaf cucumber tree, Long-leaved cucumber tree, or Mountain oread
• Green ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica), also known as Darlington ash, White ash, Swamp ash, Water ash, or Red ash
• Honey locust (Gleditsia triacanthos), also known as Three-thorned acacia, Thorntree, Honeyshucks, or Locust
• Laurel oak (Quercus laurifolia), also known as Darlington oak, Diamond-leaf oak, Obtusa oak, Laurel-leaved oak, Water oak, or Swamp laurel oak
• Loblolly pine (Pinus taeda), also known as Old field pine, Rosemary pine, Shortleaf pine, Yellow pine, Southern pine or Bull pine
• Longleaf pine (Pinus palustris), also known as Hard pine, Heart pine, Longstraw pine, or Pitch pine
• Mockernut hickory (Carya tomentosa), also known as Whiteheart hickory, Bullnut, White hickory, or hognut
• Northern red oak (Quercus rubra), also known as Champion oak, Gray oak, Eastern red oak, or Red oak
• Nutmeg hickory (Carya myristicaeformis), also known as Bitter water hickory, Swamp hickory, or Pecan (lumber)
• Ohio buckeye (Aesculus glabra), also known as Buckeye, Fetid buckeye, Stinking buckeye, or American horse chestnut
• Osage-orange (Maclura pomifera), also known as Bodark, Bowdark, Bois-d'art, Bowwood, Hedge, Horse-apple, or Mockorange - naturalized
• Overcup oak (Quercus lyrata), also known as Swamp post oak, Swamp white oak, Water white oak, or White oak
• Pawpaw (Asimina triloba), also known as Common pawpaw
• Pecan (Carya illinoensis), also known as Pecan nut, Pecanier, or Pecan-tree
• Persimmon (Diospyros virginiana), also known as American persimmon, Common persimmon, Eastern persimmon, Date plum, Possumwood, or Simmon
• Pignut hickory (Carya glabra), also known as Bitternut, Black hickory, Brown hickory, or Red hickory
• Poison sumac (Toxicodendron vernix or Rhus vernix)
• Pond pine (Pinus serotina), also known as Marsh pine or Pocosin pine
• Post oak (Quercus stellata), also known as Iron oak, Box white oak, or White oak
• Redbay (Persea borbonia), also known as Red bay persea, Swampbay persea, or Swampbay
• Red buckeye (Aesculus pavia), also known as Firecracker plant
• Red hickory (Carya ovalis), also known as Spicebark hickory or Sweet pignut hickory
• Red maple (Acer rubrum), also known as Swamp maple, Soft maple, Water maple, or White maple
• Red mulberry (Morus rubra), also known as Mulberry, or Black mulberry
• River birch (Betula nigra), also known as Red birch, Black birch, or Water birch
• Sand hickory (Carya pallida), also known as Pale hickory, Pallid hickory, or Pignut hickory
• Sassafras (Sassafras albidum), also known as Common sassafras, White sassafras, Red sassafras, Silky sassafras or Saxifrax
• Scarlet oak (Quercus coccinea), also known as Black oak, Red oak, Spanish oak, or Spotted oak
• September elm (Ulmus serotina), also known as Red elm
• Shagbark hickory (Carya ovata), also known as Carolina hickory, Scalybark hickory, or Shellbark hickory
• Shellbark hickory (Carya laciniosa), also known as Bigleaf shagbark hickory, Kingnut hickory, Big hickory, Bottom hickory, Thick hickory, Western shellbark hickory or Big shellbark hickory
• Shortleaf pine ( Pinus echinata), also known as Southern pine, Yellow pine, Spruce pine, Rosemary pine, or Old field pine
• Shumard oak (Quercus shumardii), also known as Spotted oak, Schneck oak, Shumard red oak, or Swamp red oak
• Silver maple (Acer saccharinum), also known as Soft maple, Creek maple, River maple, White maple, or Silverleaf maple
• Slash pine (Pinus elliottii), also known as Swamp pine, Pitch pine, Southern pine, Spruce pine, or Meadow pine
• Slimleaf pawpaw (Asimina angustifolia)
• Slippery elm (Ulmus rubra), also known as Red elm, Moose elm, Indian elm, Gray elm, or Soft elm
• Smallflower pawpaw (Asimina parviflora)
• Sourwood (Oxydendrum arboreum), also known as Sorrel tree, Sour gum, or Lily of the valley tree
• Southern catalpa (Catalpa bignonioides), also known as Common catalpa, Indian-bean, Catawba, or Cigar tree
• Southern magnolia (Magnolia grandiflora), also known as Bull-bay, Evergreen magnolia, Magnolia, or Laurel-leaved magnolia
• Southern red oak (Quercus falcata) Bottomland red oak, Cherrybark oak, Elliot oak, Red oak, Swamp oak, Spanish oak, or Swamp Spanish oak
• Spruce pine (Pinus glabra), also known as Cedar pine, Walter pine, White pine, Lowland spruce pine, or Black pine
• Sugar hackberry (Celtis laevigata), also known as Southern hackberry, Hackberry Sugarberry, or Texas sugarberry
• Sugar maple (Acer saccharum), also known as Hard maple, Rock maple, Sugar-tree, or Sweet maple
• Swamp chestnut oak (Quercus michauxii), also known as Basket oak, Cow oak or White oak
• Swamp cottonwood (Populus heterophylla), also known as Swamp poplar, Cottonwood, Downy poplar, Black cottonwood or River cottonwood
• Sweetbay (Magnolia virginiana), also known as Sweetbay magnolia, Swampbay, Whitebay, Beaver tree, Laurel magnolia, or Swamp magnolia
• Sweet birch (Betula lenta), also known as Black birch, Mahogany birch, Spice birch or Cherry birch
• Sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua), also known as American sweetgum or Redgum
• Virginia pine (Pinus virginiana), also known as Jersey pine, Scrub pine, Spruce pine, or Virginia scrub pine
• Water hickory (Carya aquatica), also known as Swamp hickory, Bitter pecan, or Pignut hickory
• Water oak (Quercus nigra), also known as Possum oak, Duck oak, or Pin oak
• White ash (Fraxinus americana), also known as American ash, Biltmore ash, Biltmore white ash, or Smallseed white ash
• White basswood (Tilia heterophylla), also known as Beetreelinden, Linn, or White linn
• White oak (Quercus alba), also known as Fork-leaf white oak, Ridge white oak, or Stave oak
• Willow oak (Quercus phellos), also known as Peach oak, Pin oak, or Swamp willow oak
• Winged elm (Ulmus alata), also known as Cork elm, Witch elm, Water elm, Southern elm or Wahoo
• Witch hazel (Hamamelis virginiana), also known as Southern witch hazel
• Yellow buckeye (Aesculus octandra), also known as Buckey, Sweet buckeye, or Large buckeye
• Yellow poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera), also known as Tuliptree, Poplar, Tulip poplar, White poplar or Whitewood

References

• Martin, Ivan R. and Wilbur B. DeVall (1949) Forest Trees of Alabama. Auburn: Alabama Polytechnic Institute

External links

• 100 Forest Trees of Alabama. Alabama Forestry Commission