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''This article is about the '''Birmingham nickname'''.  For the '''2002 novel''', see [[Bombingham (novel)]].''
{{About|the Birmingham nickname}}
'''Bombingham''' was a derisive [[List of nicknames for Birmingham|nickname]] for [[Birmingham]] given because of [[List of racially-motivated bombings|numerous "unsolved" bombings]] of African American leaders' homes and meeting places during the [[Civil Rights Movement]] of the 1950s and '60s.


'''Bombingham''' was a derisive nickname for [[Birmingham]] given because of numerous "unsolved" bombings of African American leaders' homes and meeting places during the [[Civil Rights Movement]] of the 1950s and '60s.
The nickname was used predominantly by African Americans.<sup>1</sup>  The name had been in use earlier, but by [[1963]], even before the [[1963 church bombing|1963 bombing]] of [[16th Street Baptist Church]], the name was making the national press.<sup>1</sup>  With the 16th Street Baptist bombing, there had been [[List of racially-motivated bombings|50 bombings]] in Birmingham since [[1947]] linked to race issues, all of them officially unsolved at the time.<sup>2</sup>
 
The nickname was used predominantly by African Americans.<sup>1</sup>  The name had been in use earlier, but by [[1963]], even before the [[1963 church bombing|1963 bombing]] of [[16th Street Baptist Church]], the name was making the national press.<sup>1</sup>  With the 16th Street Baptist bombing, there had been 50 bombings in Birmingham since [[1947]] linked to race issues, all of them officially unsolved at the time.<sup>2</sup>
 
==Notable bomb incidents==
===[[1949]]===
* [[March 24]]: The [[S. L. Green residence|home]] of Bishop [[S. L. Green]] at [[1st Street West|1st Street]] and [[11th Avenue West]] was destroyed by dynamite.
* [[July 28]]: Three sticks of dynamite were thrown into the [[Milton Curry, Jr residence|home]] of [[Milton Curry, Jr]] at 1100 [[Center Street North]], but did not explode.
* [[August 12]]: Curry's residence was again targeted by dynamite, this time damaging windows.
* August 12: The [[E. B. DeYampert residence|home]] of [[E. B. DeYampert]] at 1104 Center Street North was damaged by dynamite on the same evening.
 
===[[1950]]===
* [[April 22]]: Milton Curry, Jr's home was targeted a third time. The larger bomb nearly destroyed the house entirely. Two people inside escaped without injury.
 
===[[1956]]===
* [[December 25]]: [[Fred Shuttlesworth]]'s [[Fred Shuttlesworth residence|residence]] in [[Collegeville]] bombed, collapsing the parsonage. The adjacent [[Bethel Baptist Church]] was also bombed, shattering windows.
 
===[[1957]]===
* [[April 10]]: Two days after [[George Dickerson]], pastor of [[1st Baptist Church Kingston]], bought [[George Dickerson residence|the house]] at 1143 [[12th Place North]] it was extensively damaged by a dynamite blast.
* April: [[Ashbury Howard]] residence in [[Bessemer]].
* [[April 28]]: The [[Allen Temple AME Church]] at [[9th Avenue Bessemer|9th Avenue]] and [[22nd Street Bessemer|22nd Street]] in [[Bessemer]] was bombed during a service, showering the choir with plaster debris.
* July: A home under construction on [[Dynamite Hill]]
* November: A home under construction in Bessemer
* December: One explosion damaged five houses on Dynamite Hill
 
===[[1958]]===
* [[April 28]]: [[Temple Beth-El]], 54 sticks of dynamite were placed, but failed to go off after being doused by rain.
* May: [[Dora Muldin]] residence in Birmingham
* [[June 29]]: [[Bethel Baptist Church]] in [[Collegeville]] was targeted again. Guards managed to move a paint can full of dynamite from the church to a ditch before it exploded, but nearby windows were still blown out by the blast.
* July: [[William Blackwell]] residence
 
===[[1959]]===
 
===[[1960]]===
 
===[[1961]]===
 
===[[1962]]===
* [[January 16]]: [[New Bethel Baptist Church]] at [[13th Avenue]] and [[Sipsey Street]] was hit by two sticks of dynamite, causing minor damage.
* January 16: [[St Luke's AME Zion Church]] at 3937 [[12th Avenue North]] was damaged by two sticks of dynamite.
* January 16: [[Trinity Church and Kingdom of God in Christ]] at 2505 [[24th Street North]] was damaged by two sticks of dynamite.
* January: 4-unit apartment house under construction
* [[December 14]]: [[Bethel Baptist Church]] was bombed a third time, the explosion occurred across the street, but still shattered windows at the church and parsonage.
 
===[[1963]]===
[[Image:Gaston Motel damage.jpg|right|thumb|225px|Bomb damage at the Gaston Motel]]
* March: [[Howard Robinson]] residence in Birmingham
* [[May 11]]: [[A. D. King]]'s [[A. D. King residence|residence]] at 721 [[12th Street Ensley|12th Street]] in [[Ensley]] was hit by two bombs that exploded minutes apart. The home was destroyed.
* May 11: [[A. G. Gaston Motel]]
* [[August 10]]: [[St James United Methodist Church (Warrior)|St James United Methodist Church]] in [[Warrior]] was destroyed by arsonists.
* August: [[Loveman's]] department store
* mid August: [[Arthur Shores]]' [[Arthur Shores residence|residence]]
* [[September 4]]: Arthur Shores' residence. Bomb exploded while repairs were underway from previous blast.
* [[September 12]]: [[A. G. Gaston]]'s [[A. G. Gaston residence|residence]] in [[Robinwood]]
* [[September 15]]: [[16th Street Baptist Church]], 19 sticks of dynamite [[1963 church bombing|exploded on Sunday morning]], killing 4 young girls.
 
===[[1964]]===
 
===[[1965]]===
* [[March 21]]: [[Our Lady Queen of the Universe Catholic Church]], at [[10th Avenue North]] and [[Center Street North|Center Street]] was targeted during Mass by a bomb containing 50 sticks of dynamite. It was disarmed while the priest continued the liturgy.
* March 21: Another 50-stick bomb was left at [[A. D. King]]'s [[A. D. King residence|residence]] in [[Ensley]], but failed to explode.


== References ==
== References ==
#  "[http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,830325,00.html Freedom--Now]."  (May 17, 1963). ''Time''.  Accessed January 30, 2007.
#  "[http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,830325,00.html Freedom--Now]."  (May 17, 1963)  ''Time'' - accessed January 30, 2007.
#  Birnbaum, Jesse. (September 27, 1963). "[http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,875153,00.html Where the Stars Fall]."  ''Time''.  Accessed January 30, 2007.
#  Birnbaum, Jesse  (September 27, 1963)  "[http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,875153,00.html Where the Stars Fall]"  ''Time'' - accessed January 30, 2007.
* "[http://bplonline.cdmhost.com/u?/p4017coll2,545 20th Bombing Here Against Negroes]" (September 16, 1963) ''Birmingham Post-Herald'' - accessed via Birmingham Public Library Digital Collection
* "Complain 18 Unsolved B'ham Bombings in 6  Years." (September 19, 1963) ''Jet'' magazine. Vol. 24, No. 22
* Temple, Chanda and Jeff Hansen (July 16, 2000) "Ministers' homes, churches among bomb targets." ''Birmingham News''
 
{{stub}}


[[Category:Birmingham nicknames]]
[[Category:Birmingham nicknames]]
[[Category:Civil rights events]]
[[Category:Crimes]]

Latest revision as of 23:14, 15 February 2022

This article is about the Birmingham nickname. For other uses, see Bombingham (disambiguation).

Bombingham was a derisive nickname for Birmingham given because of numerous "unsolved" bombings of African American leaders' homes and meeting places during the Civil Rights Movement of the 1950s and '60s.

The nickname was used predominantly by African Americans.1 The name had been in use earlier, but by 1963, even before the 1963 bombing of 16th Street Baptist Church, the name was making the national press.1 With the 16th Street Baptist bombing, there had been 50 bombings in Birmingham since 1947 linked to race issues, all of them officially unsolved at the time.2

References

  1. "Freedom--Now." (May 17, 1963) Time - accessed January 30, 2007.
  2. Birnbaum, Jesse (September 27, 1963) "Where the Stars Fall" Time - accessed January 30, 2007.
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