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| [[Image:BBVA logo.png|right|224px]] | | [[Image:BBVA Compass logo.png|thumb|right|275px|BBVA Compass logo]] |
| '''BBVA''' (formerly '''Compass Bank''' and '''BBVA Compass''') is a publicly-held company and a subsidiary of '''Compass Bancshares, Inc.''', a division of the Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria with $91 billion in assets and 672 full-service banking offices in Alabama, Arizona, California, Colorado, Florida, New Mexico, and Texas. BBVA's United States banking division is one of the nation's 30 largest banks, and is a member of the S&P 500 Index and the Dow Jones Select Dividend Index. Its headquarters are in the [[Daniel Building]] at 15 [[20th Street South]] in [[downtown Birmingham]]'s [[Midtown district]]. | | [[Image:BBVA logo.png|thumb|right|224px|2019 BBVA logo]] |
| | '''BBVA Compass''' (also referred to as '''BBVA''') was a publicly-held company and a subsidiary of '''Compass Bancshares, Inc.''', a division of the . BBVA Compass was formed by the acquisition of [[Birmingham]]'s [[Compass Bank]] by Spain's '''Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria'''. The $9.6 billion sale ($71.82 per share) was announced on [[February 16]], [[2007]]. |
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| In early [[2019]], [[Javier Soler]] succeeded [[Onur Genç]] as chief executive officer. From [[2010]] to [[2013]] the bank served as title sponsor of the [[BBVA Compass Bowl|Birmingham Bowl]]. BBVA Compass and its siblings (Francés in Argentina, Bancomer in Mexico, and Continental in Peru) were rebranded as BBVA in [[2019]]. BBVA's US operations were sold to [[PNC Bank]] of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania in November [[2020]].
| | BBVA Compass was briefly headquartered in the [[Daniel Building]] at 15 [[20th Street South]] in [[downtown Birmingham]]'s [[Midtown district]]. In January 2008, [[Gary Hegel]] succeeded [[D. Paul Jones]] as CEO. BBVA merged its three other U. S. banks, Laredo National Bank, State National Bank and Texas State Bank, into Compass's operations that year. Hegel moved the headquarters offices to Houston, Texas, but maintained significant administrative and technical operations in Birmingham, split between the Daniel Building and the [[Harry B. Brock Administrative Center]] in [[Lakeview]]. |
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| ==History==
| | From [[2010]] to [[2013]] the bank served as title sponsor of the [[BBVA Compass Bowl|Birmingham Bowl]]. |
| [[Image:Central Bank logo.png|right|225px]] | |
| The '''Central Bank and Trust Company''' was incorporated on [[December 31]], [[1963]] by [[Frank Hardy]], [[Wendell Taylor]], [[Schuyler Baker]], [[Stewart Welch]], and [[John Israel]] with $1.226 million of capital. Other founding directors included [[Harry Brock Jr]], [[Hugh Daniel]], and [[Frank L. Hardy]]. The bank opened for business on [[March 2]], [[1964]]. Soon later, [[Wally Nall]], [[John Evins]], [[Inos Heard]], and [[Tom Jernigan]] joined the board.
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| In [[1967]] the company moved into a new 15-story [[UAB administration building|new headquarters building]] on [[20th Street South]]. By the following year, aggressive marketing and creative services had propelled the state-chartered bank's assets to $82 million, or 7% of the Birmingham market after four years. The next year, Central made an unprecedented hostile takeover bid for Decatur's State National Bank, the only bank that could open branches across county lines. The bid was supported by [[Hugh Agricola]] and other shareholders of the First National Bank of Gadsden, which had been bought by State National. It was financed by a $10 million line of credit from the Bank of Virginia, which was pioneering its own statewide banking company. By July, Central was able to assemble a voting trust representing about a third of State National's shares in advance of a public offering of $70 per share. The [[City National Bank of Birmingham]], which had also been planning a merger, countered with $80 per share. Central instructed their brokers to buy as many shares as they could up to $85 and ended with enough shares to control State National's board. | | In [[2019]] BBVA Compass held $91 billion in assets and operated 672 full-service banking offices in Alabama, Arizona, California, Colorado, Florida, New Mexico, and Texas. BBVA's United States banking division was one of the nation's 30 largest banks, and was a member of the S&P 500 Index and the Dow Jones Select Dividend Index. |
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| In response, Alabama's other major banks filed several court actions in an attempt to block the merger. One action, brought in Federal Court, did succeed with blocking it, on the technicality that Alabama's banking laws, under which the state-chartered bank operated, were incompatible on a few points with Federal banking laws that governed the national banks in the area of mergers. While this finding was being appealed, banking lobbyists were pushing for new legislation that would prevent the merged company from being able to operate in more than one county. Brock and Central Bank's other officers personally lobbied against the bill, and though it would have passed easily, died in committee without reaching the floor for a vote.
| | BBVA Compass and its siblings (Francés in Argentina, Bancomer in Mexico, and Continental in Peru) were rebranded as BBVA in [[2019]]. The bank's US operations were sold to [[PNC Bank]] of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania in November [[2020]]. |
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| ===Statewide banking===
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| The result of the failed bill was that statewide bank holding companies were recognized as a legal possibility for the first time, and the other major banks moved quickly to organize while Central was waiting for a decision on their appeal. Another group, led by [[Frank Plummer]], [[Norman Pless]], and [[Bob Lowery]] even stole Brock's intended name for the holding company, [[Regions Bank|First Alabama Bancshares]]. Central did win their appeal and formed the '''Central and State National Corporation''', which was soon renamed '''Central Bancshares of the South'''. In [[1973]] this new holding corporation issued a new stock offering to fuel the growth of the statewide network. In [[1979]] the bank opened a large [[Compass Bank Hoover branch|branch office]] at 1560 [[Montgomery Highway (Hoover)|Montgomery Highway]] in [[Hoover]].
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| In [[1981]] Central and a coalition of other bank holding companies successfully lobbied for the [[Bank Merger Act]], allowing statewide bank branching under a single banking company. For the next two years, the combined holdings of '''Central Bank of the South''' were the largest single bank in Alabama.
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| ===Interstate banking===
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| [[Image:Compass Bank logo.png|right|275px]] | |
| Quickly, the bank began pursuing interstate banking in the legislature, and was successful, again with the help of other big banks, in passing enabling legislation that took effect in [[1986]].
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| Their first acquisition out of state was the failing First National Bank of Crosby, Texas in February [[1987]]. Central was the first out-of-state bank to operate in Texas, and they already had their foothold in Harris County, where Houston is located. After they established another group in the Dallas area, they created a new holding company, '''Compass Bancshares of Texas''', with headquarters in Houston. As other banks were acquired in Texas, Florida and New Mexico, the Compass name was applied to the entire corporation.
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| ===Sale===
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| D. Paul Jones took over the CEO position from Brock in [[1991]]. Rumors of sales of Compass to larger banks swirled through the 1990s, with Jones actually blocking a sale to First Union which was being engineered by his predecessor.
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| [[Image:BBVA Compass logo.png|right|275px]]
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| On February 16, [[2007]], Compass announced that it would be acquired for $9.6 billion ($71.82 per share) by the Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria (BBVA), the second-largest bank in Spain. According to representatives of Compass, BBVA plans to keep the Compass name and keep the same management headquartered in Birmingham. Some analysts expected that the headquarters would move to Texas once Jones retired. In January 2008, Gary Hegel took over as CEO. BBVA announced in March 2008 that they had received approval to merge its three other U. S. banks into Compass's operations. Laredo National Bank, State National Bank and Texas State Bank merged with Compass by the end of that year.
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| ===Major acquisitions===
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| * First National Bank of Crosby, Texas - February 26, 1987
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| * City National Bank of Plano, Texas - November 10, 1989
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| * River Oaks Bancshares, Houston, Texas - March 28, 1991
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| * Promenade Bancshares, Richardson, Texas - July 31, 1991
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| * FWNB Bancshares, Carrollton, Texas - December 22, 1992
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| * Cornerstone Bancshares, Dallas, Texas - January 19, 1993
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| * First Federal Savings Bank of Northwest Florida, Ft Walton Beach, Florida - October 14, 1993
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| * First Performance National Bank, Jacksonville, Florida - January 27, 1994
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| * First Heights Bank FSB, Houston, Texas - October 1, 1994
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| * Equitable Bankshares, Dallas, Texas - April 11, 1996
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| * Post Oak Bank, Houston, Texas - April 19, 1996
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| * CFB Bancorp, Jacksonville, Florida - August 23, 1996
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| * Enterprise National Bank, Jacksonville, Florida - January 15, 1997
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| * Horizon Bancorp, Austin, Texas - March 12, 1997
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| * Central Texas Bancorp, Waco, Texas - July 15, 1997
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| * GSB Investments, Jacksonville, Florida - January 13, 1998
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| * Fidelity Resources Company, Dallas, Texas - February 9, 1998
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| * Arizona Bank, Tucson, Arizona - December 15, 1998
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| * Norwest/Well Fargo offices, Phoenix, Arizona - April 19, 1999
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| * Heartland Bank, Austin, Texas - October 20, 1999
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| * Western Bancshares, Albuquerque, New Mexico - January 13, 2000
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| * MegaBank Financial Corporation, Denver, Colorado - April 3, 2000
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| * Founders Bank of Arizona - July 17, 2000
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| * FirsTier Corporation, Colorado - January 4, 2001
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| * TexasBanc Holding Company, Fort Worth, Texas - March 24, 2006
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| == Chief executives == | | == Chief executives == |
| * [[Harry Brock Jr]], 1964-1991
| | * [[D. Paul Jones]], 2007-January 2008 |
| * [[D. Paul Jones]], 1991-January 2008 | |
| * [[Gary Hegel]], January-November 2008 | | * [[Gary Hegel]], January-November 2008 |
| * [[Manolo Sanchez]], 2008-2017 | | * [[Manolo Sanchez]], 2008-2017 |
| * [[Onur Genç]], 2017-January 2019 | | * [[Onur Genç]], 2017-January 2019 |
| * [[Javier Soler]], January 2019- | | * [[Javier Soler]], January 2019- |
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| == External links ==
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| *[http://www.bbvacompass.com/ BBVA Compass] website
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| == References == | | == References == |
| * Brock, Harry B. Jr (1991) ''A Competitive Spirit: How a Little Bank Made a Big Difference.'' New York: Newcomen Society. Publication No. 1351.
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| * Goodman, Sherri C. (February 18, 2007) "Maverick Compass again bucks the system." {{BN}}
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| * Compass Bancshares. (2006, July 23). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 16:53, October 25, 2006 [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Compass_Bancshares&oldid=65386717]
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| * Compass Bank. [http://investors.compassbank.com/phoenix.zhtml?c=77589&p=irol-mergeracquisition Merger & Acquisition History] - accessed February 18, 2007
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| * Coker, Angel (April 24, 2019) "BBVA Compass to be rebranded to BBVA." {{BBJ}} | | * Coker, Angel (April 24, 2019) "BBVA Compass to be rebranded to BBVA." {{BBJ}} |
| * Thornton, William (June 10, 2019) "New day for BBVA: Bank’s global brand strategy launches." {{BN}} | | * Thornton, William (June 10, 2019) "New day for BBVA: Bank’s global brand strategy launches." {{BN}} |
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| [[Category:Banks]] | | [[Category:Defunct banks]] |
| [[Category:Public companies]] | | [[Category:Former public companies]] |
| [[Category:20th Street South]] | | [[Category:Daniel Building]] |
| [[Category:1963 establishments]] | | [[Category:2007 establishments]] |
| | [[Category:2020 disestablishments]] |
