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[[Image:Pizitz logo.jpg|right|225px]] | [[Image:Pizitz logo.jpg|right|225px]] | ||
'''Pizitz''' was a family-owned chain of department stores founded in [[1899]] in [[Birmingham]] by [[Louis Pizitz]] as the '''Louis Pizitz Dry Goods Company'''. It became one of the best-known names in local retailing until it was sold to McRae's in [[1986]]. At its peak there were 13 Pizitz stores in operation | '''Pizitz''' was a family-owned chain of department stores founded in [[1899]] in [[Birmingham]] by [[Louis Pizitz]] as the '''Louis Pizitz Dry Goods Company'''. It became one of the best-known names in local retailing until it was sold to McRae's in [[1986]]. At its peak there were 13 Pizitz stores in operation; nine in Birmingham, two in Huntsville, and one each in Florence, [[Tuscaloosa]] and Montgomery. | ||
The flagship store was located in the 7-story [[Pizitz building]], completed in [[1925]] at the store's original location at [[2nd Avenue North]] and [[19th Street North|19th Street]]. | The flagship store was located in the 7-story [[Pizitz building]], completed in [[1925]] at the store's original location at [[2nd Avenue North]] and [[19th Street North|19th Street]]. The first Tuscaloosa store was opened in [[1913]] by [[Max Pizitz]] and [[Joe Saks]] as part of the separate [[Pizitz of Tuscaloosa]]. Effective [[January 1]], [[1922]] [[Joseph Smolian]] bought out Louis Pizitz' interest in the retail chain, which became known as the '''Pizitz-Smolian Co-Operative Stores Inc.''' | ||
A fatal accident on one of the store's elevators resulted in a wrongful death lawsuit that reached the United States Supreme Court in [[1927]] to settle a point distinguishing punitive from compensatory damages in such cases. | A fatal accident on one of the store's elevators resulted in a [[Pizitz v. Yeldell|wrongful death lawsuit]] that reached the United States Supreme Court in [[1927]] to settle a point distinguishing punitive from compensatory damages in such cases. The company focused its merchandising on women's and children's clothing in [[1930]]. In [[1935]] the downtown store included separate departments operated by the [[Louis Stillman Clothing Co.]], [[Flesser Hat Renovating Co.]], [[Rex Beauty Shop]], [[United Embroidery Co.]], [[United Optical Stores]], and shoe repairer [[Sol Miller]]. | ||
When Max Pizitz died in [[1943]] his sons [[Sam Pizitz|Sam]] and [[Isadore Pizitz|Isadore]] took over operation of the the business. In [[1944]] the store gave up its corner window for an [[American Red Cross]] "canteen", which offered free coffee and doughnuts to servicemen. | |||
[[ | Pizitz was sold to [[John S. Jemison and Associates]] in [[1959]]. That year the new owners announced a $1 million project to modernize and improve the interiors at the flagship Birmingham store. The firm of Ketchum and Sharp Architects of New York was commissioned to design interior layouts, with [[Lawrence Whitten]] of Birmingham as their associate responsible for construction documents. Among the changes were electrical and air-conditioning upgrades, all new decorative fixtures, improved retail layouts (especially on the main floor, first floor and third floor) and a new fourth-floor auditorium capable of hosting events for up to 700. | ||
[[Image:Pizitz block logo.png|left]] | |||
[[Image:Pizitz interior Christmas 1952.jpg|left|thumb|285px|Interior of Pizitz in December 1952. {{BPL permission caption|http://bplonline.cdmhost.com/u?/p4017coll6,1460}}]] | |||
In [[1964]] Pizitz purchased the assets of Stuart's mens' store of Memphis, Tennessee. That same year display director [[Jim Dultz]] began a Christmas tradition of creating an "Enchanted Forest" in the 6th floor auditorium of the downtown Pizitz. Also during the 1960s Pizitz created a "Teen Board" of selected high school girls who modeled clothing and assisted shoppers in the juniors department. "Dolly Dale" was the name of the store's personal shopper program, which also handled telephoned orders for home delivery. | |||
The [[Pizitz parking deck]] was added next to the downtown store in [[1965]], with a skywalk that took shoppers into the store next to a bakery counter. Isadore Pizitz was made chairman and CEO in February [[1966]], and was succeeded as president of the company by his son, [[Richard Pizitz|Richard]]. | |||
The chain was sold to Jackson, Mississippi based McRae's in 1986, though the Pizitz family retained ownership of many of the actual buildings. The downtown building was shuttered in [[1988]] while the other locations were converted to McRae's, which was later sold to Alcoa, Tennessee-based Proffitt's, which grew to absorb several other chains, including Saks Fifth Avenue, before moving to [[Birmingham]] and taking the name [[Saks, Inc]]. The McRae's stores were sold to Charlotte, North Carolina-based Belk, Inc. in 2005. | On [[August 18]] of that year, Pizitz opened a 100,000 square foot, $3 million anchor store on the east end of [[Eastwood Mall]]. With Pizitz and [[Aland's]] both joining at the same time, the mall became the largest in the Southeast. The addition was designed by [[Brandon Crawford]] of [[Fuller and Crawford]] architects and constructed by [[Hoar Construction|F. R. Hoar & Sons]]. | ||
In [[1969]] Dultz' successor, [[Jim Luker]] took over the design of the enchanted forest and refined it over the next 20 years. The last Enchanted Forest was constructed for the [[1981]] Christmas season. | |||
The chain was sold to Jackson, Mississippi based McRae's in [[1986]], though the Pizitz family retained ownership of many of the actual buildings. The downtown building was shuttered in [[1988]] while the other locations were converted to McRae's, which was later sold to Alcoa, Tennessee-based Proffitt's, which grew to absorb several other chains, including Saks Fifth Avenue, before moving to [[Birmingham]] and taking the name [[Saks, Inc]]. The McRae's stores were sold to Charlotte, North Carolina-based Belk, Inc. in 2005. | |||
==Birmingham locations== | ==Birmingham locations== | ||
[[Image:Pizitz store 1949.jpg|right|thumb| | [[Image:Pizitz store 1949.jpg|right|thumb|375px|Pizitz downtown store in 1949. {{BPL permission caption|http://bplonline.cdmhost.com/u?/p4017coll6,1175}}]] | ||
* [[Pizitz Building]] on [[2nd Avenue North]] (flagship store, opened [[1925]], closed [[1988]]) | * [[Pizitz Building]] on [[2nd Avenue North]] (flagship store, opened [[1925]], closed [[1988]], now "[[The Pizitz]]" apartments and [[Pizitz Food Hall]]) | ||
* [[Bessemer]] | * [[Pizitz of Bessemer]], operated independently at 1915-1921 [[2nd Avenue North Bessemer]] until August [[1955]], when it was brought into the Birmingham-based chain. In [[1956]] the new owners renovated and added air-conditioning throughout the store. It reopened on [[September 17]] of that year. | ||
* [[Pizitz Roebuck Plaza]] (opened [[ | * [[Pizitz Roebuck Plaza]] (opened [[1961]], converted to McRae's in [[1986]], closed [[2006]]) | ||
* [[Eastwood Mall]] (opened [[August 18]], [[1966]], relocated to Century Plaza in [[1980]]) | * [[Eastwood Mall]] (opened [[August 18]], [[1966]], relocated to Century Plaza in [[1980]]) | ||
* [[West Lake Mall]] (opened [[1969]]) | * [[West Lake Mall]] (opened [[1969]]) | ||
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* [[Western Hills Mall]] (opened [[1980]]) | * [[Western Hills Mall]] (opened [[1980]]) | ||
* [[Century Plaza]] (relocated from Eastwood Mall [[1980]], changed to McRae's in [[1987]]) | * [[Century Plaza]] (relocated from Eastwood Mall [[1980]], changed to McRae's in [[1987]]) | ||
* [[Riverchase Galleria]] ([[1986]], changed to McRae's in | * [[Riverchase Galleria]] ([[1986]], changed to McRae's in 1987, closed 2005, later divided for Belk Home and Forever 21) | ||
==Other locations== | ==Other locations== | ||
[[Image:Pizitz of Birmingham logo.png|right|thumb|200px|Logo used for the Tuscaloosa store to differentiate it with [[Pizitz of Tuscaloosa]] between 1980–81.]] | |||
* Parkway Place Mall, Huntsville | * Parkway Place Mall, Huntsville | ||
* Madison Square Mall, Huntsville | * Madison Square Mall, Huntsville | ||
* Regency Square Mall, Florence | * Regency Square Mall, Florence | ||
* Eastdale Mall, Montgomery | * Eastdale Mall, Montgomery | ||
* University Mall, | * [[University Mall]], Tuscaloosa | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
* "News of Birmingham Business Activities" (November 19, 1921) ''Dry Goods Economist''. No. 4037, p. 283 | |||
* ''Louis Pizitz Dry Goods Co. v. Weldell'', 274 U.S. 112 (1927). | * ''Louis Pizitz Dry Goods Co. v. Weldell'', 274 U.S. 112 (1927). | ||
* Beiman, Irving (April | * {{CD-1935}} | ||
* "Pizitz, Aland's open in Mall Thursday." (August 17, 1966) | * Beiman, Irving (April 1959) "Pizitz to spend million to remodel." {{BN}} - via [[Birmingham Rewound]] | ||
* "[http://www.birminghamrewound.com/features/Pizitz%20%2802-66%29.jpg Pizitz announces top job changes]" (February 1966) {{BN}} - via [[Birmingham Rewound]] | |||
* "Pizitz, Aland's open in Mall Thursday." (August 17, 1966) {{BN}} | |||
* {{White-1977}} | * {{White-1977}} | ||
* | * [http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=rCcdAAAAIBAJ&sjid=R6UEAAAAIBAJ&dq=alberta%20pizitz%20close&pg=3381%2C3340554 "Two Pizitz stores here are closing."] (July 15, 1981) ''Tuscaloosa News'' | ||
* " | * {{Hollis-2005}} | ||
* "[http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pizitz Pizitz]" (November 30, 2006) Wikipedia - accessed December 6, 2006 | |||
* Slowe, Betty (May 3, 2010) "Pizitz had a long history in Tuscaloosa." ''Tuscaloosa News'' | |||
* Hollis, Tim (2010) ''[[Pizitz: Your Store]]''. The History Press. ISBN 9781596299931 | |||
==External links== | ==External links== | ||
* [http://www.birminghamrewound.com/pizitz.htm Pizitz memories] at [[Birmingham Rewound]]. | * [http://www.birminghamrewound.com/pizitz.htm Pizitz memories] at [[Birmingham Rewound]]. | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:Pizitz|*]] | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:Brookwood Village]] | ||
[[Category:1899 establishments]] | |||
[[Category:1986 disestablishments]] | |||
[[Category:U.S. Supreme Court Cases]] | |||
Latest revision as of 16:01, 15 January 2024
Pizitz was a family-owned chain of department stores founded in 1899 in Birmingham by Louis Pizitz as the Louis Pizitz Dry Goods Company. It became one of the best-known names in local retailing until it was sold to McRae's in 1986. At its peak there were 13 Pizitz stores in operation; nine in Birmingham, two in Huntsville, and one each in Florence, Tuscaloosa and Montgomery.
The flagship store was located in the 7-story Pizitz building, completed in 1925 at the store's original location at 2nd Avenue North and 19th Street. The first Tuscaloosa store was opened in 1913 by Max Pizitz and Joe Saks as part of the separate Pizitz of Tuscaloosa. Effective January 1, 1922 Joseph Smolian bought out Louis Pizitz' interest in the retail chain, which became known as the Pizitz-Smolian Co-Operative Stores Inc.
A fatal accident on one of the store's elevators resulted in a wrongful death lawsuit that reached the United States Supreme Court in 1927 to settle a point distinguishing punitive from compensatory damages in such cases. The company focused its merchandising on women's and children's clothing in 1930. In 1935 the downtown store included separate departments operated by the Louis Stillman Clothing Co., Flesser Hat Renovating Co., Rex Beauty Shop, United Embroidery Co., United Optical Stores, and shoe repairer Sol Miller.
When Max Pizitz died in 1943 his sons Sam and Isadore took over operation of the the business. In 1944 the store gave up its corner window for an American Red Cross "canteen", which offered free coffee and doughnuts to servicemen.
Pizitz was sold to John S. Jemison and Associates in 1959. That year the new owners announced a $1 million project to modernize and improve the interiors at the flagship Birmingham store. The firm of Ketchum and Sharp Architects of New York was commissioned to design interior layouts, with Lawrence Whitten of Birmingham as their associate responsible for construction documents. Among the changes were electrical and air-conditioning upgrades, all new decorative fixtures, improved retail layouts (especially on the main floor, first floor and third floor) and a new fourth-floor auditorium capable of hosting events for up to 700.
In 1964 Pizitz purchased the assets of Stuart's mens' store of Memphis, Tennessee. That same year display director Jim Dultz began a Christmas tradition of creating an "Enchanted Forest" in the 6th floor auditorium of the downtown Pizitz. Also during the 1960s Pizitz created a "Teen Board" of selected high school girls who modeled clothing and assisted shoppers in the juniors department. "Dolly Dale" was the name of the store's personal shopper program, which also handled telephoned orders for home delivery.
The Pizitz parking deck was added next to the downtown store in 1965, with a skywalk that took shoppers into the store next to a bakery counter. Isadore Pizitz was made chairman and CEO in February 1966, and was succeeded as president of the company by his son, Richard.
On August 18 of that year, Pizitz opened a 100,000 square foot, $3 million anchor store on the east end of Eastwood Mall. With Pizitz and Aland's both joining at the same time, the mall became the largest in the Southeast. The addition was designed by Brandon Crawford of Fuller and Crawford architects and constructed by F. R. Hoar & Sons.
In 1969 Dultz' successor, Jim Luker took over the design of the enchanted forest and refined it over the next 20 years. The last Enchanted Forest was constructed for the 1981 Christmas season.
The chain was sold to Jackson, Mississippi based McRae's in 1986, though the Pizitz family retained ownership of many of the actual buildings. The downtown building was shuttered in 1988 while the other locations were converted to McRae's, which was later sold to Alcoa, Tennessee-based Proffitt's, which grew to absorb several other chains, including Saks Fifth Avenue, before moving to Birmingham and taking the name Saks, Inc. The McRae's stores were sold to Charlotte, North Carolina-based Belk, Inc. in 2005.
Birmingham locations
- Pizitz Building on 2nd Avenue North (flagship store, opened 1925, closed 1988, now "The Pizitz" apartments and Pizitz Food Hall)
- Pizitz of Bessemer, operated independently at 1915-1921 2nd Avenue North Bessemer until August 1955, when it was brought into the Birmingham-based chain. In 1956 the new owners renovated and added air-conditioning throughout the store. It reopened on September 17 of that year.
- Pizitz Roebuck Plaza (opened 1961, converted to McRae's in 1986, closed 2006)
- Eastwood Mall (opened August 18, 1966, relocated to Century Plaza in 1980)
- West Lake Mall (opened 1969)
- Five Points West
- Brookwood Village (1975, changed to JCPenney)
- Western Hills Mall (opened 1980)
- Century Plaza (relocated from Eastwood Mall 1980, changed to McRae's in 1987)
- Riverchase Galleria (1986, changed to McRae's in 1987, closed 2005, later divided for Belk Home and Forever 21)
Other locations
- Parkway Place Mall, Huntsville
- Madison Square Mall, Huntsville
- Regency Square Mall, Florence
- Eastdale Mall, Montgomery
- University Mall, Tuscaloosa
References
- "News of Birmingham Business Activities" (November 19, 1921) Dry Goods Economist. No. 4037, p. 283
- Louis Pizitz Dry Goods Co. v. Weldell, 274 U.S. 112 (1927).
- Polk's Birmingham (Jefferson County, Ala.) City Directory (1935) Richmond, Virginia: R. L. Polk & Co.
- Beiman, Irving (April 1959) "Pizitz to spend million to remodel." The Birmingham News - via Birmingham Rewound
- "Pizitz announces top job changes" (February 1966) The Birmingham News - via Birmingham Rewound
- "Pizitz, Aland's open in Mall Thursday." (August 17, 1966) The Birmingham News
- White, Marjorie Longenecker (1977) Downtown Birmingham: Architectural and Historical Walking Tour Guide. Birmingham: Birmingham Historical Society.
- "Two Pizitz stores here are closing." (July 15, 1981) Tuscaloosa News
- Hollis, Tim (2005) Birmingham's Theater and Retail District. Images of America series. Charleston, SC: Arcadia Publishing. ISBN 0738517771
- "Pizitz" (November 30, 2006) Wikipedia - accessed December 6, 2006
- Slowe, Betty (May 3, 2010) "Pizitz had a long history in Tuscaloosa." Tuscaloosa News
- Hollis, Tim (2010) Pizitz: Your Store. The History Press. ISBN 9781596299931
