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[[File:1899 Rex Vulcan invitation.png|right|thumb|275px|Invitation to the 1899 [[Rex Vulcan]] Ball, which was postponed due to winter weather]]
'''1899''' was the 28th year after the founding of the City of [[Birmingham]].
'''1899''' was the 28th year after the founding of the City of [[Birmingham]].


==Events==
==Events==
[[Image:Mel Drennen.jpg|right|thumb|Mel Drennen became Mayor of Birmingham in 1899]]
[[Image:Mel Drennen.jpg|right|thumb|Mel Drennen became Mayor of Birmingham in 1899]]
* February:  A blizzard caused the postponement of [[Mardi Gras]] festivities to May.
* [[February 10]]-[[February 11|11]]:  A [[List of snowfalls|10" snowfall]] coupled with -10 degree temperatures turned [[East Lake]] into a skating rink and caused the postponement of [[Mardi Gras]] festivities until May.
* [[February 12]]: [[Ensley]] was incorporated.
* [[February 12]]: [[Ensley]] was incorporated.
* [[February 13]]: An all-time record low of -10°F was recorded at the [[Weather Forecast Office Birmingham]].
* [[February 21]]: Five miners were killed in the [[1899 Blocton No. 2 Mine explosion]].
* [[February 21]]: Five miners were killed in the [[1899 Blocton No. 2 Mine explosion]].
* [[February 23]]: The [[Alabama Legislature]] chartered the [[Alabama Boys Industrial School]] at [[East Lake]].
* February 23: The legislature revoked the [[1897]] incorporation of [[Rosedale]].
* February 23: The legislature revoked the [[1897]] incorporation of [[Rosedale]].
* May: "Carnival", postponed from February, was held.
* February 23: The [[Regents of the White Shield]] were incorporated.
* The Agricultural and Mechanical College of Alabama was renamed the [[Auburn University|Alabama Polytechnic Institute]].
* April: United Association of Journeymen Plumbers, Gas Fitters, Steam Fitters, and Steam Fitters' Helpers [[UA Local 91|Local 91]] was chartered.
* [[May 8]]-[[May 9|9]]: The [[Birmingham Carnival Society]] celebrated [[1899 Mardi Gras|Mardi Gras]], having postponed the event due to February's blizzard.
* [[November 6]]-[[November 7|7]]: Rear Admiral Winfield Schley, hero of the [[Spanish-American War]] made a visit to Birmingham. His party stayed at the [[Morris Hotel]], where a luncheon and dinner reception were held. He also attended a concert by a "Mexican Band" at the [[Birmingham Auditorium]] and heard them again at a "smoker" at the [[Southern Club]]. The next day, Admiral Schley reviewed a "grand parade" which also marked the opening of the [[1899 Alabama State Fair]].
* [[Brookside]] suffered a typhoid outbreak and was struck by a [[1899 Brookside tornado|tornado]].
* [[Brookside]] suffered a typhoid outbreak and was struck by a [[1899 Brookside tornado|tornado]].
* [[Cunningham Hospital]] opened.
* [[Cunningham Hospital]] opened.
* [[McElwain School]] was organized.
* A temporary school board was selected to plan a new building for [[Moore School]].
* [[A. H. Parker]] was re-hired as a 7th grade instructor at the [[Lane School]].
* [[Joseph Riley Smith]] donated $5,000 toward the construction of [[St Vincent's Hospital]].
* [[Joseph Riley Smith]] donated $5,000 toward the construction of [[St Vincent's Hospital]].
* The [[Tuxedo Park]] community was platted.
* The [[Tuxedo Park]] community was platted.
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[[Image:Celery Cola cap.jpg|right|115px]]
[[Image:Celery Cola cap.jpg|right|115px]]
* [[March 3]]: [[Birmingham Southern Railroad]] was organized.
* [[March 3]]: [[Birmingham Southern Railroad]] was organized.
* [[April 12]]–[[July 31]]: The [[Slayton & Mauldin saloon]] operated in the [[Davidson Building]] on [[19th Street North]]
* [[May 10]]: The [[Bank of Ensley]] was incorporated.
* [[May 10]]: The [[Bank of Ensley]] was incorporated.
* [[May 16]]: [[Andrew Beard]] was granted a patent (no. 624,901) for railcar coupling.
* [[May 16]]: [[Andrew Beard]] was granted a patent (no. 624,901) for railcar coupling.
* [[September 7]]: The [[Birmingham Belt Railroad]] was organized.
* [[November 23]]: The first heat of steel was tapped at the [[Ensley Works]].
* [[November 23]]: The first heat of steel was tapped at the [[Ensley Works]].
* [[Truman Aldrich]] became a vice-president of the [[Birmingham Machinery and Foundry Company]].
* [[Truman Aldrich]] became a vice-president of the [[Birmingham Machinery and Foundry Company]].
* The [[Birmingham Board of Trade]] was formed.
* The [[Birmingham Board of Trade]] was formed.
* [[T. G. Bush]] became president of the [[Shelby Furnace|Shelby Iron Company]].
* [[T. G. Bush]] became president of the [[Shelby Furnace|Shelby Iron Company]].
* [[A. L. Fulenwider]] and [[Henry Badham]] sold the [[O'Brien Opera House]] to [[Joseph R. Smith, Jr]] and [[Charles J. Smith]] for $75,000.
* [[A. L. Fulenwider]] and [[Henry Badham, Sr]] sold the [[O'Brien Opera House]] to [[Joseph R. Smith Jr]] and [[Charles J. Smith]] for $75,000.
* The [[Grasselli Chemical Company]] acquired a 100-acre parcel near [[Hillman]] for a new chemical works.
* The [[Grasselli Chemical Company]] acquired a 100-acre parcel near [[Hillman]] for a new chemical works.
* [[William Pettiford]] became president of the [[Alabama Penny Savings Bank]].
* [[William Pettiford]] became president of the [[Alabama Penny Savings Bank]].
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* The [[Celery-Cola|J. C. Mayfield Manufacturing Company]] was founded in Birmingham to manufacture [[Celery-Cola]] syrup.
* The [[Celery-Cola|J. C. Mayfield Manufacturing Company]] was founded in Birmingham to manufacture [[Celery-Cola]] syrup.
* [[George Edwards]] established a lumber business in [[Bessemer]].
* [[George Edwards]] established a lumber business in [[Bessemer]].
* The [[Gate City Rolling Mill]] was purchased by [[Republic Iron and Steel Company]].
* The [[Republic Iron and Steel Company]] purchased the properties of the [[Pioneer Mining and Manufacturing Company]] and the [[Gate City Rolling Mill]].
* [[Alabama Consolidated Coal Company]] acquired the [[Mary Lee Mines]] at [[Lewisburg]].
* [[H. T. Morton]] opened a photographic studio on the 2nd floor of the building at 2008–2010 [[1st Avenue North (Downtown)|1st Avenue North]].
* [[David Johnston]] opened the [[Union Pharmacy]] at 601 [[18th Street South]].


=== Government ===
=== Government ===
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* [[Ensley]] held its first [[1899 Ensley municipal election|municipal election]].
* [[Ensley]] held its first [[1899 Ensley municipal election|municipal election]].
* [[Governor of Alabama|Governor]] [[William Samford]] appointed [[William Brandon]] Adjutant General of the [[Alabama National Guard]].
* [[Governor of Alabama|Governor]] [[William Samford]] appointed [[William Brandon]] Adjutant General of the [[Alabama National Guard]].
===Education===
* [[February 23]]: The [[Alabama Legislature]] chartered the [[Alabama Boys Industrial School]] at [[East Lake]].
* The Agricultural and Mechanical College of Alabama was renamed the [[Auburn University|Alabama Polytechnic Institute]].
* [[McElwain School]] was organized.
* A temporary school board was selected to plan a new building for [[Moore School]].
* [[A. H. Parker]] was re-hired as a 7th grade instructor at the [[Lane School]].


=== Religion ===
=== Religion ===
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* The [[Salvation Army Birmingham Area Command]] was established.
* The [[Salvation Army Birmingham Area Command]] was established.
* [[Charles Brooks (minister)|Charles Brooks]] became pastor of [[St Mark's Episcopal Church]].
* [[Charles Brooks (minister)|Charles Brooks]] became pastor of [[St Mark's Episcopal Church]].
* [[St Paul United Methodist Church|St Paul Methodist Church]] was destroyed by a tornado.
* [[May 15]]: [[SS. Cyril & Methodius Catholic Church]] in [[Brookside]] was formally dedicated.
* [[November 21]]: Birmingham's [[1st Church of Christ Scientist]] was chartered.
* [[November 21]]: Birmingham's [[1st Church of Christ Scientist]] was chartered.


===Sports===
===Sports===
* [[April 1]]: The [[Country Club of Birmingham|Birmingham Golf Club]] course opened for play.
* [[April 1]]: Birmingham's first golf course, a 9-hole links for the [[Birmingham Golf Club]] in [[North Birmingham]], was dedicated.
* [[July 24]]: [[Harry Vaughn]] was released by the Cincinnati Reds.
* [[July 24]]: [[Harry Vaughn]] was released by the Cincinnati Reds.
* The [[Alabama Crimson Tide football]] team resumed play after a ban on student athletes traveling away from campus was lifted.
* The [[Alabama Crimson Tide football]] team resumed play after a ban on student athletes traveling away from campus was lifted.
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== Individuals ==
== Individuals ==
[[Image:W A Rayfield.png|right|thumb|150px|Wallace Rayfield in 1911]]
[[Image:W A Rayfield.png|right|thumb|150px|Wallace Rayfield in 1911]]
* [[Basil Allen]] was elected Grand Exalted Leader of the Benevolent Protective Order of Elks.
* [[Lucille Douglass]] and [[Ulysses Mason]] moved to Birmingham.
* [[Lucille Douglass]] and [[Ulysses Mason]] moved to Birmingham.
* [[Charles Ferguson]] became a solicitor to the [[10th Judicial Circuit of Alabama]].
* [[Charles Ferguson]] became a solicitor to the [[10th Judicial Circuit of Alabama]].
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* [[Wallace Rayfield]] became director of the Architectural and Mechanical Drawing Department at [[Tuskegee University|Tuskegee Industrial and Normal Institute]].
* [[Wallace Rayfield]] became director of the Architectural and Mechanical Drawing Department at [[Tuskegee University|Tuskegee Industrial and Normal Institute]].
* [[Junius L. Walthall]] became [[Shelby County Sheriff]].
* [[Junius L. Walthall]] became [[Shelby County Sheriff]].
* [[Charles Whelan, Jr]] became [[Birmingham City Physician]].
* [[Charles Whelan Jr]] became [[Birmingham City Physician]].
* Russian-born [[Simon Goldstein]] emigrated to the United States.
* Russian-born [[Simon Goldstein]] emigrated to the United States.


[[Image:Howard Hill 1950.jpg|right|thumb|150px|Howard Hill in a promotional photo for ''Tembo'' (1950)]]
[[Image:Howard Hill 1950.jpg|right|thumb|150px|Howard Hill in a promotional photo for ''Tembo'' (1950)]]
===Births===
===Births===
* [[January 25]]: [[Howard Yeilding]], [[Jefferson County Personnel Board]] president
* [[February 17]]: [[Peahead Walker]], football coach
* [[February 17]]: [[Peahead Walker]], football coach
* [[March 1]]: [[Loo Choy]], restaurateur
* [[March 31]]: [[Georges Bridges]], sculptor
* [[April 19]]: [[James Saxon Childers]], novelist
* [[April 19]]: [[James Saxon Childers]], novelist
* [[May 8]]: [[Ed Willis Barnett]], photographer and Olympic fencer
* [[November 4]]: [[Chris Robino]], chaplain
* [[November 13]]: [[Howard Hill]], archer
* [[November 13]]: [[Howard Hill]], archer
* [[November 22]]: [[Howell Vines]], writer
* [[November 22]]: [[Howell Vines]], writer
* [[December 6]]: [[John Proferis]], restaurateur
* [[December 16]]: [[Eleanor Bridges]], artist and civic activist
* [[December 16]]: [[Eleanor Bridges]], artist and civic activist
* [[R. C. Foster]], miner and singer
* [[R. C. Foster]], miner and singer


===Graduations===
===Graduations===
* [[Wallace Rayfield]], bachelor of architecture from Columbia University
* [[Logwood Goin]] from Meharry Medical College with an M.D.
* [[Elizabeth White]], from [[Birmingham Medical College]]
* [[Wallace Rayfield]] from Columbia University with a bachelor of architecture
* [[Elizabeth White]] from [[Birmingham Medical College]]


===Marriages===
===Marriages===
* [[February 14]]: [[Henry Milner]] to Helen Bishop
* [[February 14]]: [[Henry Milner]] to Helen Bishop
* [[Richard McNally]] married the former Nellie Farinas.
* [[April 11]]: [[William McQueen]] to [[Lydia McQueen|Lydia Edwards]]
* [[Louis Pizitz]] married the former [[Minnie Pizitz|Minnie Smolian]].
* [[Logwood Goin]] to the former [[Blanche Goin|Blanche Thornton]] of Dallas, Texas
* [[Richard McNally]] to the former Nellie Farinas
* [[Louis Pizitz]] to the former [[Minnie Pizitz|Minnie Smolian]]


=== Awards ===
=== Awards ===
* [[Mardi Gras]] Royals: Rex Vulcan IV [[Henry Milner]], Queen of Mardi Gras [[Mary Claire Milner]]
* [[Mardi Gras]] Royals: Rex Vulcan IV [[Henry Milner]], Queen of Mardi Gras [[Mary Claire Milner]]
===Deaths===
* [[January 1]]: [[William H. Smith]], 21st [[Governor of Alabama]]
* [[January 15]]: Laborer [[George Meadows]] was lynched at [[Pratt Mines]] on suspicion of the murder of [[Willie Kellum]] and the assault of his mother.
* [[May 28]]: [[William Barker]], engineer for the [[Elyton Land Company]]
* [[August 18]]: [[W. L. Wilson]], Methodist minister and probate judge
* [[List of homicides in 1899]]


==Works==
==Works==
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* The first [[Bethel African Methodist Episcopal Church, Rosedale]] church building
* The first [[Bethel African Methodist Episcopal Church, Rosedale]] church building
* [[The Briary]] house
* [[The Briary]] house
* [[Southern Hotel|Linville Hotel]] at [[20th Street North|20th Street]] and [[4th Avenue North]]
* [[Loveman, Joseph and Loeb building]] expansion
* [[Loveman, Joseph and Loeb building]] expansion
* [[Odum, Bowers & White|S. H. Kress & Co. store]] on [[3rd Avenue North]]
* [[Odum, Bowers & White|S. H. Kress & Co. store]] on [[3rd Avenue North]]
* [[Summit School]] and [[Summit Baptist Church]] in [[Bluff Park]].


==Context==
==Context==

Latest revision as of 17:12, 8 November 2023

Invitation to the 1899 Rex Vulcan Ball, which was postponed due to winter weather

1899 was the 28th year after the founding of the City of Birmingham.

Events

Mel Drennen became Mayor of Birmingham in 1899

Business

BSRR logo.jpg
Celery Cola cap.jpg

Government

Education

Religion

Sports

Individuals

Wallace Rayfield in 1911
Howard Hill in a promotional photo for Tembo (1950)

Births

Graduations

Marriages

Awards

Deaths

Works

Buildings

Context

In 1899, Spanish rule ended in Cuba. The United States took possession of Wake Island. The Philippine-American War began. The Great Blizzard of 1899 brought freezing temperatures and snow as far south as southern Florida. The First Hague Peace Conference took place. The Newsboys Strike takes place when the Newsies of New York go on strike. The Second Boer War began. The Bronx Zoo opened in New York City.

Notable books published in 1899 included Father Goose: His Book by L. Frank Baum, The Awakening by Kate Chopin, Heart of Darkness (serialized) by Joseph Conrad, The Monster and Other Stories by Stephen Crane, and Resurrection by Leo Tolstoy. Notable music released included "Hello! Ma Baby" by Ida Emerson & Joseph E. Howard, "Maple Leaf Rag" by Scott Joplin, Verklärte Nacht by Arnold Schoenberg, and the Cendrillon ballet by Jules Massenet.

Notable births in 1899 included those of gangster Al Capone, actress Gloria Swanson, animator Walter Lantz, musician Duke Ellington, dancer and actor Fred Astaire, writer E. B. White, actor James Cagney, author Ernest Hemingway, film director Alfred Hitchcock, playwright & composer Noel Coward, and actor Humphrey Bogart. Notable deaths included those of composer Johann Strauss II, orator Robert G. Ingersoll, industrialist Charles Alfred Pillsbury, shipbuilder and philanthropist William H. Webb, and evangelist Dwight L. Moody.

1890s
<< 1890 1891 1892 1893 1894 1895 1896 1897 1898 1899 >>
Births - Deaths - Establishments - Events - Works
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