1968: Difference between revisions

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* [[March 30]]: Ray exchanged the rifle from the previous day for a .30-06 caliber Remington Model 760 Gamemaster.
* [[March 30]]: Ray exchanged the rifle from the previous day for a .30-06 caliber Remington Model 760 Gamemaster.
* [[April 4]]: [[Civil Rights Movement]] leader [[Martin Luther King Jr]] was assassinated by Ray in Memphis, Tennessee with the Birmingham-purchased rifle.
* [[April 4]]: [[Civil Rights Movement]] leader [[Martin Luther King Jr]] was assassinated by Ray in Memphis, Tennessee with the Birmingham-purchased rifle.
* [[May 8]]: A caravan from Birmingham to Washington D.C. for the [[SCLC]]'s "Poor People's Campaign" was scheduled.
* [[May 20]]: The [[Hillcrest Golf & Country Club]] merged with the [[Fairmont Country Club]] to create the new [[Pine Tree Country Club]].
* [[July 27]]: A Shower of Stars concert featured The Troggs, Herman's Hermits, The Buckinghams, The Ohio Express, Tommy Boyce & Bobby Hart, Roy Head, and Four Jacks & a Jill.
* [[July 27]]: A Shower of Stars concert featured The Troggs, Herman's Hermits, The Buckinghams, The Ohio Express, Tommy Boyce & Bobby Hart, Roy Head, and Four Jacks & a Jill.
* [[August 3]]: A Shower of Stars concert featured Paul Revere and the Raiders, Lou Christie, Billy Joe Royal, George Fame, The People, The Magistrates, and Mitch Ryder & His Revue.
* [[August 3]]: A Shower of Stars concert featured Paul Revere and the Raiders, Lou Christie, Billy Joe Royal, George Fame, The People, The Magistrates, and Mitch Ryder & His Revue.
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* [[SMI Steel]] merged with [[CMC Steel Alabama]].
* [[SMI Steel]] merged with [[CMC Steel Alabama]].
* [[A. E. Burgess Co., Inc.]] became [[Burgess Mining & Construction]].
* [[A. E. Burgess Co., Inc.]] became [[Burgess Mining & Construction]].
* [[Peco Foods|Hickman Farms]] merged with [[Peco Foods|Harris Poultry & Egg Co.]] to form [[Peco Foods]].
* [[Jim Boone]] succeeded his father, [[Buford Boone]], as president and publisher of [[Tuscaloosa Newspapers Inc.]]


==== Establishments ====
==== Establishments ====
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* [[Big B Drugs]] began operation as part of [[Bruno's Supermarkets]].
* [[Big B Drugs]] began operation as part of [[Bruno's Supermarkets]].
* [[Cinema West]] opened.
* [[Cinema West]] opened.
* [[Sikes & Youngs Shoe Company]] opened in [[Vestavia Hills]].
* [[David Walbert]] opened [[Society's Child]]
* [[Sol's Sandwich Shop]] opened on the bottom floor of the [[John A. Hand Building]].
* [[Sol's Sandwich Shop]] opened on the bottom floor of the [[John A. Hand Building]].
* [[Sikes & Youngs Shoe Company]] opened in [[Vestavia Hills]].
* [[Thunderbird Drive-In]] opened.
* [[Thunderbird Drive-In]] opened.
* [[Jody Ford|Sidney Ford]] opened [[Mr Sid's Coiffures]] in [[Five Points South]].
* [[Jody Ford|Sidney Ford]] opened [[Mr Sid's Coiffures]] in [[Five Points South]].
* [[Specification Rubber Products]] was founded in [[Alabaster]].
* [[Wilkerson Heating & Cooling]] was founded.
==== Disestablishments ====
* September: [[Shades Mountain Drive-In Theatre]] in [[Vestavia Hills]] closed.


=== Education ===
=== Education ===
* [[April 6]]: 300 students at [[Tuskegee University|Tuskegee Institute]] [[1968 Tuskegee student uprising|barricaded a meeting of the board of trustees]] at [[Dorothy Hall]], eventually winning concessions.
* June: [[Mountain Brook High School]]'s first graduation ceremony was held.
* June: [[Mountain Brook High School]]'s first graduation ceremony was held.
* [[July 1]]: The [[Alabama High School Athletic Association]] was integrated under court order by merging with the [[Alabama Interscholastic Athletic Association]].
* [[July 1]]: The [[Alabama High School Athletic Association]] was integrated under court order by merging with the [[Alabama Interscholastic Athletic Association]].
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=== Government ===
=== Government ===
[[Image:Arthur Shores.jpg|right|thumb|150px|Arthur Shores {{BPL permission caption|http://bplonline.cdmhost.com/u?/p4017coll6,2266}}]]
[[Image:Arthur Shores.jpg|right|thumb|150px|Arthur Shores {{BPL permission caption|http://bplonline.cdmhost.com/u?/p4017coll6,2266}}]]
* [[January 9]]: The [[1968 Roosevelt City municipal election]] was held.
* [[February 27]]: The first officials of [[Roosevelt City]] were sworn in.
* [[May 7]]: [[Lieutenant Governor of Alabama|Lieutenant Governor]] [[Albert Brewer]] became [[Governor of Alabama]] upon [[Lurleen Wallace]]'s death.
* [[May 7]]: [[Lieutenant Governor of Alabama|Lieutenant Governor]] [[Albert Brewer]] became [[Governor of Alabama]] upon [[Lurleen Wallace]]'s death.
* June: Attorney [[Arthur Shores]] became the first black [[Birmingham City Council]]or after being appointed to fill the seat vacated upon the death of [[R. W. Douglas]].
* June: Attorney [[Arthur Shores]] became the first black [[Birmingham City Council]]or after being appointed to fill the seat vacated upon the death of [[R. W. Douglas]].
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* Judge [[Robert Vance]] led the first racially mixed [[Alabama]] delegation to a Democratic National Convention.
* Judge [[Robert Vance]] led the first racially mixed [[Alabama]] delegation to a Democratic National Convention.
* [[Marvin Warner]] was appointed a delegate to the 23rd General Assembly of the United Nations.
* [[Marvin Warner]] was appointed a delegate to the 23rd General Assembly of the United Nations.
* U.S. Air Force officer [[James Woodward]] was promoted to Captain.
* U.S. Air Force officer [[James H. Woodward]] was promoted to Captain.
* [[James Jett]] was elected to the first of numerous terms on the [[Warrior City Council]].


===Births===
===Births===
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* [[January 3]]: [[Thomas Rayam]], football player and coach
* [[January 3]]: [[Thomas Rayam]], football player and coach
* February: [[Thomas Robey]], chef
* February: [[Thomas Robey]], chef
* [[March 13]]: [[Andy Kennedy]], [[UAB Blazers]] basketball coach
* [[April 2]]: [[Shannon Ealy]], former [[UAB]] senior associate athletic director
* [[April 2]]: [[Shannon Ealy]], former [[UAB]] senior associate athletic director
* [[April 6]]: [[Ron Crumpton]], political activist
* [[April 6]]: [[Ron Crumpton]], political activist
* April 6: [[Eric Major]], politician
* [[April 17]]: [[Cary Allbritton]], artist
* [[April 20]]: [[DeDee Nathan]], Olympic heptathlete
* [[April 20]]: [[DeDee Nathan]], Olympic heptathlete
* [[April 24]]: [[Todd Jones]], baseball player
* [[April 24]]: [[Todd Jones]], baseball player
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* [[June 28]]: [[Bill Clark]], football coach
* [[June 28]]: [[Bill Clark]], football coach
* [[August 6]]: [[Siran Stacy]], football player
* [[August 6]]: [[Siran Stacy]], football player
* [[August 10]]: [[Pat Snow]], artist
* [[August 20]]: [[Tonya West]], chef, food stylist, and drummer
* [[August 20]]: [[Tonya West]], chef, food stylist, and drummer
* [[August 24]]: [[Zeb Little]], attorney and politician
* [[August 24]]: [[Zeb Little]], attorney and politician
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* [[September 14]]: [[DeMond Winston]], football player
* [[September 14]]: [[DeMond Winston]], football player
* [[November 21]]: [[Candace Michelle Brown]], [[Miss Alabama USA]] [[1992]]
* [[November 21]]: [[Candace Michelle Brown]], [[Miss Alabama USA]] [[1992]]
* [[Steve Ammons]], [[Jefferson County Commission]]
* [[Johnny Brown]], [[Columbiana Police Department|Columbiana police chief]]  
* [[Johnny Brown]], [[Columbiana Police Department|Columbiana police chief]]  
* [[Ann Hodges Goolsby]], [[Maytown]] mayor
* [[Ann Hodges Goolsby]], [[Maytown]] mayor
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* [[Julie Keith]], magazine editor
* [[Julie Keith]], magazine editor
* [[Shawn King]], police officer
* [[Shawn King]], police officer
* [[Eric Major]], politician
* [[Scott Praytor]], chief of [[Warrior Police Department]]
* [[Hoyt Sanders]], [[Mayor of Pinson]]
* [[Hoyt Sanders]], [[Mayor of Pinson]]
* [[Ken Shaia]], retailer
* [[Ken Shaia]], retailer
* [[Alexander Shunnarah]], attorney
* [[Pam Siddall]], newspaper publisher
* [[Pam Siddall]], newspaper publisher
* [[Jerry Tate]], project manager and education activist
* [[John Trobaugh]], photographer
* [[John Trobaugh]], photographer


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* [[Howard Cruse]] earned a degree from [[Birmingham-Southern College]].
* [[Howard Cruse]] earned a degree from [[Birmingham-Southern College]].
* [[Chriss Doss]] earned a juris doctorate at [[Samford University]]'s [[Cumberland School of Law]].
* [[Chriss Doss]] earned a juris doctorate at [[Samford University]]'s [[Cumberland School of Law]].
* [[Suzanne Durham]] graduated from the [[University of Montevallo]].
* [[Bill Elder]] completed a master of divinity at Southern Baptist Theological Seminary.
* [[Bill Elder]] completed a master of divinity at Southern Baptist Theological Seminary.
* [[Mickey Gee]] earned bachelor's in marketing at the [[University of Alabama]].
* [[Mickey Gee]] earned bachelor's in marketing at the [[University of Alabama]].
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* Artist and photographer [[William Christenberry]] began teaching at the Corcoran College of Art and Design in Washington, D.C.
* Artist and photographer [[William Christenberry]] began teaching at the Corcoran College of Art and Design in Washington, D.C.
* [[Newton H. DeBardeleben]] succeeded [[John A. Hand]] as CEO of [[First National Bank of Birmingham]].
* [[Newton H. DeBardeleben]] succeeded [[John A. Hand]] as CEO of [[First National Bank of Birmingham]].
* [[Don Drennen Jr]] became president of the [[Don Drennen Motor Company]].
* [[Don Drennen Jr]] became president of the [[Don Drennen Motor Co.]].
* Attorney [[D. Paul Jones]] joined the [[Balch & Bingham]] firm.
* Attorney [[D. Paul Jones]] joined the [[Balch & Bingham]] firm.
* [[Mac Parsons]] began serving as a bailiff  for the [[Jefferson County Circuit Court]].
* [[Mac Parsons]] began serving as a bailiff  for the [[Jefferson County Circuit Court]].
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===Deaths===
===Deaths===
[[Image:Lurleen Wallace postcard.jpg|right|thumb|150px|Lurleen Wallace postcard]]
[[Image:Lurleen Wallace postcard.jpg|right|thumb|150px|Lurleen Wallace postcard]]
* [[January 30]]: [[F. Page Seibert]], [[Samford University]] benefactor
* [[April 4]]: [[Martin Luther King Jr]], [[Civil Rights Movement]] leader
* [[April 4]]: [[Martin Luther King Jr]], [[Civil Rights Movement]] leader
* [[April 12]]: [[Victorine]], gorilla
* [[April 12]]: [[Victorine]], gorilla
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* [[May 23]]: Ground was broken for the [[Talladega Superspeedway]].
* [[May 23]]: Ground was broken for the [[Talladega Superspeedway]].
* [[July 30]]: Ground was broken for [[Lister Hill Library]].
* [[July 30]]: Ground was broken for [[Lister Hill Library]].
* [[Broadway Street]] was repaved, covering the disused rails of the [[Birmingham and Edgewood Electric Railway]].
* [[Broadway Street]] was repaved, covering the disused rails of the [[Birmingham & Edgewood Electric Railway]].
* [[Calder Building]] was renovated as [[Citizens Federal Savings Bank]]'s headquarters.
* [[Calder Building]] was renovated as [[Citizens Federal Savings Bank]]'s headquarters.
* One floor was added to [[Children's Hospital]].
* One floor was added to [[Children's Hospital]].
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====Completed====
====Completed====
* [[117 56th Street South]], 8-unit apartment building
* [[Ellis Lake]]
* [[Ellis Lake]]
* [[Rogers Area Vocational Center|Gardendale Area Vocational School]]
* [[Rogers Area Vocational Center|Gardendale Area Vocational School]]
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* [[Inglenook Community Center]]
* [[Inglenook Community Center]]
* [[Lawson Field]]
* [[Lawson Field]]
* [[Park Tower]] apartments on [[Highland Avenue]]
* [[Coleman Coliseum|Memorial Coliseum]] at the [[University of Alabama]]
* [[Coleman Coliseum|Memorial Coliseum]] at the [[University of Alabama]]
* [[Tutwiler Hall (1968)|Tutwiler Hall]] at the [[University of Alabama]]
* [[Tutwiler Hall (1968)|Tutwiler Hall]] at the [[University of Alabama]]
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==Context==
==Context==
[[Image:George Wallace.jpg|right|thumb|150px|Presidential candidate George Wallace in 1968]]
[[Image:George Wallace.jpg|right|thumb|150px|Presidential candidate George Wallace in 1968]]
In 1968, the Vietnam War continued and the Tet Offensive took place.  A U.S. B-52 Stratofortress crashed in Greenland near Thule Air Base, discharging four nuclear bombs.  The Winter Olympics were held in Grenoble, France.  Madison Square Garden in New York City opened.  Civil Rights Movement leader [[Martin Luther King Jr]] was assassinated by [[James Earl Ray]] in Memphis, Tennessee.  The Civil Rights Act of 1968, including the Fair Housing Act, became law.   The musical ''Hair'' officially opened on Broadway.  U.S. presidential candidate Robert F. Kennedy was shot in Los Angeles, dying the next day.
In 1968, the Vietnam War continued and the Tet Offensive took place.  A U.S. B-52 Stratofortress crashed in Greenland near Thule Air Base, discharging four nuclear bombs.  The Winter Olympics were held in Grenoble, France.  Madison Square Garden in New York City opened.  Civil Rights Movement leader [[Martin Luther King Jr]] was assassinated by [[James Earl Ray]] in Memphis, Tennessee.  The Civil Rights Act of 1968, including the Fair Housing Act, became law. The Methodist Church merged with the Evangelical United Brethren Church to form the United Methodist Church. The musical ''Hair'' officially opened on Broadway.  U.S. presidential candidate Robert F. Kennedy was shot in Los Angeles, dying the next day.


Also in 1968, the semiconductor company Intel was founded.  The first International Special Olympics Summer Games were held in Chicago, Illinois.  Swaziland became independent.  ''Apollo 7'', the first manned Apollo mission, launched.  Mattel's Hot Wheels toy cars were introduced.  The Summer Olympics were held in Mexico City, Mexico.  Republican challenger Richard Nixon defeated the Democratic candidate, Vice President Hubert Humphrey, and American Independent Party candidate [[George Wallace]] in the presidential election.  ''Apollo 8'' orbited around the Moon.
Also in 1968, the semiconductor company Intel was founded.  The first International Special Olympics Summer Games were held in Chicago, Illinois.  Swaziland became independent.  ''Apollo 7'', the first manned Apollo mission, launched.  Mattel's Hot Wheels toy cars were introduced.  The Summer Olympics were held in Mexico City, Mexico.  Republican challenger Richard Nixon defeated the Democratic candidate, Vice President Hubert Humphrey, and American Independent Party candidate [[George Wallace]] in the presidential election.  ''Apollo 8'' orbited around the Moon.

Latest revision as of 10:04, 7 April 2024

1968 was the 97th year after the founding of the City of Birmingham.

Events

U.S. Rep. Tom Bevill answers the first 911 call

Business

Ollie's Barbecue

Establishments

South Central Bell 1967.png

Disestablishments

Education

Government

Arthur Shores courtesy BPL Archives

Religion

Sports

Individuals

John Robertson

Births

DeDee Nathan
Frank Thomas

Graduations

Employment

Marriages

Divorces

Awards

Deaths

Lurleen Wallace postcard
See also List of Birmingham homicides in 1968

Works

Buildings

Completed

Demolitions

Early Days in Birmingham

Books

  • September: Early Days in Birmingham
  • Paul Hemphill spent a year-long Niemen Fellowship at Harvard University working on his first book, The Nashville Sound.

Films and TV

Music

Theater

Gallery

Context

Presidential candidate George Wallace in 1968

In 1968, the Vietnam War continued and the Tet Offensive took place. A U.S. B-52 Stratofortress crashed in Greenland near Thule Air Base, discharging four nuclear bombs. The Winter Olympics were held in Grenoble, France. Madison Square Garden in New York City opened. Civil Rights Movement leader Martin Luther King Jr was assassinated by James Earl Ray in Memphis, Tennessee. The Civil Rights Act of 1968, including the Fair Housing Act, became law. The Methodist Church merged with the Evangelical United Brethren Church to form the United Methodist Church. The musical Hair officially opened on Broadway. U.S. presidential candidate Robert F. Kennedy was shot in Los Angeles, dying the next day.

Also in 1968, the semiconductor company Intel was founded. The first International Special Olympics Summer Games were held in Chicago, Illinois. Swaziland became independent. Apollo 7, the first manned Apollo mission, launched. Mattel's Hot Wheels toy cars were introduced. The Summer Olympics were held in Mexico City, Mexico. Republican challenger Richard Nixon defeated the Democratic candidate, Vice President Hubert Humphrey, and American Independent Party candidate George Wallace in the presidential election. Apollo 8 orbited around the Moon.

Fiction published in 1968 included Eva Trout by Elizabeth Bowen, 2001: A Space Odyssey by Arthur C. Clarke, The Goblin Tower by L. Sprague de Camp, Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep? by Philip K. Dick, Airport by Arthur Hailey, and Colonel Sun by Robert Markham. Non-fiction included Soul On Ice by Eldridge Cleaver and The Population Bomb by Paul R. Ehrlich. The Pulitzer Prize for Fiction went to The Confessions of Nat Turner by William Styron.

Top pop music hits in 1968 included "Love is Blue" by Paul Mauriat, "Honey" by Bobby Goldsboro, "People Got to Be Free" by The Rascals, and "Hey Jude" by The Beatles. The top selling album was The Beatles (a.k.a. the White Album). The Grammy for Record of the Year went to "Mrs. Robinson" by Simon & Garfunkel. Album of the Year was By the Time I Get to Phoenix by Glen Campbell. Song of the Year was "Little Green Apples" by O. C. Smith. The Best New Artist Grammy went to José Feliciano.

The top-grossing films in 1968 included 2001: A Space Odyssey, Funny Girl, The Love Bug, The Odd Couple, Bullitt, Romeo and Juliet, Oliver!, Rosemary's Baby, Planet of the Apes, and Night of the Living Dead. Oliver! took the Academy Awards for Best Picture and Best Director (Carol Reed). Best Actor went to Cliff Robertson for Charly. Best Actress went to both Katharine Hepburn for The Lion in Winter and Barbra Streisand for Funny Girl in the Best Actress award's only tie in history.

Television premieres in 1968 included Rowan & Martin's Laugh-In, Mister Rogers' Neighborhood, One Life to Live, The Bugs Bunny/Road Runner Hour, Adam-12, Here's Lucy, The Doris Day Show, The Mod Squad, Hawaii 5-O, and 60 Minutes. Series ending included The Man from U.N.C.L.E., Lost in Space, The Lucy Show, Batman, The Monkees, and The Bell Telephone Hour.

Notable births in 1968 included actors Cuba Gooding Jr, Gary Coleman, Hugh Jackman, Owen Wilson, and Brendan Fraser, actresses Molly Ringwald, Ashley Judd, Debra Messing, and Lucy Liu, rappers and actors LL Cool J and Will Smith, gymnast Mary Lou Retton, singers Sarah McLachlan, Lisa Marie Presley, Lisa Loeb, Céline Dion, Macy Gray, and Ziggy Marley, skateboarder Tony Hawk, baseball players Jeff Bagwell, Frank Thomas, Mike Piazza, and Sammy Sosa, television chef and host Rachael Ray, and comedian Margaret Cho. Notable deaths included singer Frankie Lymon, actor Bobby Driscoll, Civil Rights leader Martin Luther King Jr, spokeswoman for the deaf and blind Helen Keller, politician Robert F. Kennedy, physicist George Gamow, artist Marcel Duchamp, and writer Upton Sinclair.

1960s
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Births - Deaths - Establishments - Events - Works
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